Leading researchers are specially invited to provide a complete understanding of a key topic within the multidisciplinary fields of physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology. In a form immediately useful to scientists, this periodical aims to filter, highlight and review the latest developments in these rapidly advancing fields.
Erscheinungsdatum: 28.01.2023

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zlib/Medicine/Health-Related Professions/Stine Helene Falsig Pedersen, (ed.)/Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology 186_24522780.pdf

Pedersen, Stine Helene Falsig

Springer Nature Switzerland AG

Reviews of physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology, volume 184, Cham, 2023

Springer Nature, Cham, 2023

Switzerland, Switzerland

producers:
Adobe PDF Library 10.0.1

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Acknowledgements 6
Contents 7
Patch Clamp: The First Four Decades of a Technique That Revolutionized Electrophysiology and Beyond 8
1 The Scenario 10
2 The Emergence of the Concept of the Ion-Permeable Channel 10
3 The Consolidation of the Channel Concept 12
4 A New Approach to the Membrane Surface 13
5 The Preliminary Steps 14
6 The Patch Clamp Enters Adulthood 16
7 The Dissemination 19
8 Strengths and Liabilities 22
9 Variations on the Basic Theme 24
9.1 The Loose Patch 24
9.2 The Whole Cell and Its Potential 24
9.3 The Perforated Patch 26
9.4 Intracellular Perfusion 26
9.5 Capacitance Measurements and Vesicular Release 27
9.6 Patching Subcellular Organelles 27
9.7 The Patch Pipette as a Bridge Between Molecular Biology and Channel Biophysics 28
9.8 Patch Clamp and Calcium Imaging 28
9.9 Patching Slices from the Central Nervous System 28
10 In Vivo Patch Clamp 29
11 Two Different Approaches to Automated Patch Clamp 29
12 A Few Final Considerations 31
References 32
Roles of Intramolecular Interactions in the Regulation of TRP Channels 36
1 Introduction 37
2 Intramolecular Interactions in TRP Channels 40
2.1 Shared Intramolecular Interactions Mediated by Conserved Residues Across TRP Members and Species 40
2.2 Subfamily- or Member-Specific Intramolecular Interactions 43
2.2.1 Interactions Within Extracellular/Luminal Domains 43
2.2.2 Transmembrane Domains 45
2.2.3 Intracellular Domains 46
3 Regulation of TRP Intramolecular Interactions by Chemical Ligands 47
3.1 PIP2 47
3.2 Cannabinoids (CBD) 49
3.3 2-ABP 50
3.4 Specific Ligands 50
4 Implications in TRP Causing Human Diseases 52
5 Discussions and Perspectives 55
References 57
The Emerging Pro-Algesic Profile of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Type 4 64
1 Introduction 65
2 Cell Mechanisms of TRPV4-Mediated Pain 67
2.1 TRPV4 and Protein-Protein Interactions 68
2.2 TRPV4 and Calcium Signalling 69
2.3 Modulation of TRPV4 Activity by Intracellular and Extracellular Enzymes 71
2.4 Post-Ca2+ Influx Events in TRPV4 Pain Pathways 72
2.5 Overview 75
3 Physical Pressure/Stress-Induced Mechanical Hyperalgesia 75
3.1 Discrete Pressure/Stretch at the Cell Membrane (Extracellular Hypotonicity) 77
3.2 Pressure Applied to, or Within, the Body 78
4 Inflammation-Induced Hyperalgesia 80
4.1 Role of Inflammatory Mediators 81
4.2 Neurogenic Inflammation 82
4.3 Inflammation-Induced Responses Mediated by TRPV4 82
4.4 Formalin- and CFA-Induced Pain 84
4.5 Pain from Osteoarthritis and Gout 85
4.5.1 Osteoarthritic Pain 85
4.5.2 Gout Pain 86
4.6 Visceral Pain 86
4.6.1 Irritable Bowel Syndrome 86
4.6.2 Inflammatory Bowel Disease 87
4.6.3 Pancreatitis 88
4.6.4 Cystitis 88
5 Peripheral Neuropathic Pain 88
5.1 Chemotherapeutic-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy 90
5.1.1 Paclitaxel-Induced Neuropathy 90
5.1.2 Thalidomide-Induced Neuropathy 91
5.2 Cancer-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy 91
5.3 Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy 92
6 Headache and Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction 92
7 Conclusion 93
References 94
Role of Oxytocin in Different Neuropsychiatric, Neurodegenerative, and Neurodevelopmental Disorders 101
1 Introduction 103
1.1 Neurobiology of the OT System in the Brain 103
1.2 Pharmacological Regulation of OTR Binding and G Protein Coupling 104
1.3 Intracellular OTR Effectors 106
1.3.1 The MAP Kinase Cascade 106
1.3.2 Nitric Oxide (NO) Production 107
1.3.3 Eukaryotic Elongation Factor 2 (eEF2) Phosphorylation/Dephosphorylation 107
1.3.4 GABA Transporters and the Developmentally Regulated GABA Switch 107
1.4 The Intranasal Route of Administration 108
2 Effect of OT in Brain Disorders 110
2.1 Epilepsy 110
2.2 Schizophrenia (SCZ) 112
2.3 Parkinson ́s Disease (PD) 114
2.4 Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) 115
2.5 Migraine 116
2.6 Depression 117
2.7 Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) 120
3 Effect of OT During the COVID-19 Pandemic 122
4 Conclusion 122
References 133
Role of Distinct Fat Depots in Metabolic Regulation and Pathological Implications 141
1 Introduction 145
2 Heterogeneity of Fat Depots: Morphology, Molecular Variability, and Differentiation 146
2.1 Not All White Adipose Tissue (WAT)s Are Physiologically Identical 148
2.2 Brown Adipose Tissue (BAT): House of Futile Mitochondria 150
2.3 Beige Fat: A Recent Discovery 151
3 BAT as a Coordinating Center of Metabolism 152
3.1 Amino Acids as Substrate 154
3.2 BAT as a Sugar Sink 155
3.3 Lipid Clearance by BAT 155
4 WAT: More Than an Inert Fat Storage Site 156
4.1 Fat Remobilization 156
4.2 Vascularization of WAT 157
4.3 Browning of WAT 158
4.4 Pathological Changes in WAT Distribution 158
5 Altered WAT Function in Diabetic Pathogenesis 159
5.1 Insulin Signaling Is a Major Determiner of WAT 160
5.2 Signals Opposing Insulin Action Are Equally Important 162
5.3 Metabolites May Have a More Critical Role in WAT Regulation 163
5.4 Altered Chemokines and Adipomyokines in Diabetes 164
6 Why Does Exercise Improve WAT Metabolism? 164
6.1 Exercise-Induced Myokines 165
6.2 Exercise-Induced Chemokines from Other Organs 166
7 Outlook and Future Direction 167
References 168
Autocrine, Paracrine, and Endocrine Signals That Can Alter Alveolar Macrophages Function 183
1 Introduction 184
2 Autocrine Signals of Alveolar Macrophages 185
2.1 Interferons 186
2.2 Interleukins 187
2.3 Tumor Necrosis Factor 188
2.4 Transforming Growth Factor-β1 188
2.5 Other AM-Derived Signals 188
3 Paracrine Signals of Alveolar Macrophages 189
3.1 Alveolar Epithelial Cells 189
3.2 T Cells 191
3.3 Paracrine Signaling from Other Cells 192
4 Endocrine Signals of Alveolar Macrophages 192
5 Therapeutic Manipulation of Alveolar Macrophages 195
6 Perspectives 196
References 197

The Endocannabinoid System in Caenorhabditis elegans Rubén Estrada-Valencia, María Eduarda de Lima, Aline Colonnello, Edgar Rangel-López, Nariani Rocha Saraiva, Daiana Silva de Ávila, Michael Aschner, and Abel Santamaría Inherited Ventricular Arrhythmia in Zebrafish: Genetic Models and Phenotyping Tools Ewa Sieliwonczyk, Vladimir V. Matchkov, Bert Vandendriessche, Maaike Alaerts, Jeroen Bakkers, Bart Loeys, and Dorien Schepers The Biochemistry and Physiology of a Disintegrin and Metalloproteinases (ADAMs and ADAM-TSs) in Human Pathologies Deepti Sharma and Nikhlesh K. Singh A Review: Uses of Chitosan in Pharmaceutical Forms Olimpia Daniela Fren÷t, Laura Vica÷s, Tunde Jurca, Stefania Ciocan, Narcis Duteanu, Annamaria Pallag, Mariana Muresan, Eleonora Marian, Adina Negrea, and Otilia Micle Cell-to-Cell Crosstalk: A New Insight into Pulmonary Hypertension Yan Zhang and Yun Wang

Patch Clamp: The First Four Decades of a Technique That Revolutionized Electrophysiology and Beyond Davide Lovisolo Roles of Intramolecular Interactions in the Regulation of TRP Channels Ruiqi Cai and Xing-Zhen Chen The Emerging Pro-Algesic Profile of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Type 4 John P. M. White, Mario Cibelli, Istvan Nagy, Bernd Nilius, and James Graham McGeown Role of Oxytocin in Different Neuropsychiatric, Neurodegenerative, and Neurodevelopmental Disorders Aya A. Ghazy, Omar A. Soliman, Aya I. Elbahnasi, Aya Y. Alawy, Amira Ma Mansour, and Mennatallah A. Gowayed Role of Distinct Fat Depots in Metabolic Regulation and Pathological Implications Bijayashree Sahu, Ojas Tikoo, Benudhara Pati, Unmod Senapati, and Naresh C. Bal Autocrine, Paracrine, and Endocrine Signals That Can Alter Alveolar Macrophages Function Yue Yang and Yun Wang

2023-01-31